CAROLINGIAN. Mid 9th - 10th century AD. Cut Half Denier. [ ]SV[ ]ATO. Cross potent with pellet in each angle. ® ONIEIA. Temple. 21 mm. A Carolingian period cut half-denier of Louis the Pious (AD 814-40) or Lothar I of Lotharingia (AD 840-855). This coin has a blundered legend on both obverse and reverse. Coins of this type continued to be struck into the 10th century.

Contemporary Imitation. EDWARD I. Penny. EDW R ANGL DNS HYB. Crowned facing bust. ® CIVITAS LONDON. Long cross with three pellets in angles. 1.3 grams. Late 13th to early 14th century. 17 mm. The obverse legend is as used on genuine English coins up to class 9, and the reverse bears the London mint signature. The crown, portrait and style of some of the letters, however, are not consistent with any official issue. Rare and interesting and very good quality.

Valéran II of Ligny. 1304-53 and 1364-66. Sterling. Serain. [G VALER] DE LVSENB. Crowned bust facing. ® M[ONETA SER]ENE. Long cross pattée with three pellets in each angle. Cf. Mayhew 223 and 224. 17 mm. The crown appears to differ from all varieties illustrated by Mayhew.

Contemporary Forgery. 15th Century. Silver Penny. A contemporary forgery of a late medieval English penny. The reign of the prototype is probably Edward IV, as the obverse legend appears to begin with the letter E. This coin is UKDFD 34908. Another example, struck from the same obverse die, is recorded as UKDFD 5599. With two adjoining parts of the obverse legend now known, it would appear to be completely fictitious, ending ...OANTIBIBV. 0.5 grams. 14 mm. See also PAS ESS-9DD977 and BNJ 75 (2005), Coin Register, No. 257. Unusual, rare and interesting.

EDWARD III. 1327-1377. Demi Sterling. DUX/AQU/ITA/NIE, long cross dividing legend, crown in each angle. Ragged flan from 6 to 8 o'clock, some perforations at 12 o'clock.

CHARLES V (The Wise) of France. 1364-1380. Blanc au K. Obv: DEI : GRACIA in the inner circle, centre is K surmounted by crown, with lis on both sides of the K. Rev: (lis)FRANCORV : REX in the inner circle. The centre has a cross surmounted by a crown. The outer circle is +BENEDCTV : SIT,etc. 2.1 gm. 26 mm diameter. Contemporary English coins: Edward III and Richard II.

GHENT. 13th Century. Silver Petty Denier. Stylised helmeted bust. ® Voided Cross Moline. Found Yorkshire. 10 mm diameter. Some double striking, but still a rare coin.