Henry III (1247–1272) — Long Cross Pennies

The long cross coinage of Henry III marked a decisive reform intended to combat clipping and restore confidence in the English currency. Introduced in 1247, the new design extended the reverse cross to the edge of the flan, allowing clipped coins to be identified more easily. A wide network of mints and moneyers produced these issues, resulting in a rich and varied series that remains a cornerstone of medieval English numismatics.